Microscopic Endonasal Surgery of the Paranasal Sinuses and the Parasellar Region

\s=b\The anatomic principles and opera-tive techniques currently applied to func-tional endoscopic endonasal surgery have allowed for significant refinements in an-other approach to regional pathology that uses the operating microscope, newly de-signed sinus instruments, and a self-re-taining nasal speculum system. The main benefits of this method are the superb widefield stereoscopic vision and the dis-tinct freedom to work bimanually. Addi-tionally, direct bipolar cautery of bleeders is afforded while use of the observer tube or video allows for excellent teaching. The precise nature of this surgery affords less fear of serious complications in the treat-ment of periorbital, paranasal sinus, and parasellar diseases. We describe techni-cal aspects of the surgery and associated complications in 219 patients treated fro