Azimuthal anisotropy in the Iithosphere from observations

The paper gives a detailed description of the technique for measuring azimuthal anisotropy which was suggested earlier by Vinnik, Kosarev & Makeyeva (1984) and used by Kind et ai. (1985). The technique is based on the observations of long-period converted phases like SKS. Additionally, we describe a generalization of this approach which makes use of long-period S-waves of arbitrary polarization. Both modifications were applied to records of the GRF array in southern Germany. The results of this analysis, if combined with the data on P,, velocities (Bamford 1977), suggest that the direction of the fast velocity in the lithosphere of the region varies with depth. Key words: anisotropy, lithosphere, S-waves 1 INTRODUCTION 2 SHEAR WAVES IN A TRANSVERSELY Azimuthal anisotropy is recognized as an important seismic property of the lithosphere. Unfortunately, the effects of anisotropy in a seismic wave field are usually masked by those of lateral heterogeneity of the Earth's interior. Man