3Choice of Task Sequence to Reduce Problem Behaviors

Abstract: Choice making has proven to be an effective intervention for reducing problem be-havior and increasing appropriate behavior. Some researchers have argued that providing op-portunities for choice results in an option that the individual prefers. Thus, the efficacy of providing opportunities is related to the reinforcing value of the selection. Other researchers suggest that choice may have reinforcement value independent of, or in addition to, the selec-tion made. This study sought to further examine the mechanism accounting for the influence of choice on behavior. Participants were three individuals with a variety of diagnoses and prob-lem behaviors. Each individual engaged in problematic behavior during task situations. Inter-vention consisted of providing the individuals a choice of the sequence in which tasks were completed. The intervention resulted in improved behavior for each participant. In addition to supporting the notion that choice making itself may be reinforcing, this study illustrates a prac-tical, effective approach for increasing desirable behavior and decreasing problematic behavior. In recent years, researchers and practitioners have rec-ognized the importance of offering choice-making op-portunities to individuals with disabilities (Datillo, 1986). Choice making not only enhances a person’s quality of life (Meyer, Eichinger, & Park-Lee, 1987) but can also be used in a therapeutic manner to reduce problematic behavior and occasion appropriate behavior. For example, in a re