A cross-country exploration of environmental attitudes

This research investigates the effect of cultural, sociodemographic, and con-textual characteristics in shaping environmental attitudes in a cross-country context. In addition, dimensions underlying environmental attitudes and their generalizability are explored. Significant differences are reported in environ-mental attitudes between collectivist versus individualistic, externally versus internally controlled, materialist versus postmaterialist, past-oriented versus future-oriented cultures, and across levels of modernity and pollution. Two universal dimensions, general attitude and activity attitude, underlie environmental attitudes