CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS Effect of active prenatal management on pregnancy outcome in sickle cell disease in an African setting

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with an increased risk of medical compli-cations during pregnancy. In sub-Sa-haran Africa, fetal and maternal mortality rates are particularly high. This study evaluated the effect of an active prenatal management program on pregnancy out-come in patients with SCD in an African setting. Pregnant women with SCD attend-ing the National Teaching Hospital in Co-tonou (The Republic of Benin, West Af-rica) were recruited before the 28th week of gestation. Management was based on providing information and education about SCD and improving nutritional sta-tus, malaria prevention, early detection of bacterial infections, and restricted use of blood transfusion. Maternal and fetal mor-tality rates and SCD-related morbidity were the principal variables assessed. One hundred and eight patients (42 SS and 66 SC) with 111 fetuses were included in the study. Thirteen fetal deaths (from 9 SS and 4 SC mothers) were recorded and 2 deaths of SC mothers. The maternal mortality rate of 1.8 % was comparable with the overall maternal mortality rate for this maternity unit (1.2%). Few SCD-related events were recorded. Plasmo-dium falciparum malaria infection was the major cause of morbidity. Sixty-three pa-tients (19 SS and 44 SC) successfully completed their pregnancy (58.3%) with-out requiring transfusion. Providing preg-nant SCD patients with relevant medical care based on simple cost-effective ap-proaches can have a positive impact on SCD-associated morbidity and mortality in an otherwise difficult setting i