Background and Objectives. The incidence of invasive

filamentous fungal infections in hematologic patients is increasing as a consequence of high dose chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant procedures. Mortality is usu-ally very high. The diagnosis is often difficult and yet a fast, accurate diagnosis is of fundamental importance for treating the infection and planning subsequent manage-ment of the hematologic disease. We evaluated the sen-sitivity of computed tomography (CT)-guided percuta-neous biopsy in diagnosing pulmonary fungal infections. Design and Methods. Between 1997 and 2002 we performed 17 CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic lung biopsies in 17 hematologic patients with suspected fila-mentous fungi infection with negative BAL, to obtain a certain diagnosis and to know what species of fungi was responsible for infection. In all cases suspected mycosi