For my family ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am deeply indebted to many people who helped me pursuing and finishing my Ph.D at the University of Michigan. First of all, I would like to appreciate my advisor, Professor Pinaki Mazumder, for his continued support and ingenious guidance throughout my Ph.D study. He leads me to explore the interesting plasmonics research topics and consistently encourage me to make a significant progress. Having worked with him more than five and half years, I am sure that his creativity and insight will continue to influence my future research work. Furthermore, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Professor A. Galip Ulsoy for serving on my co-advisor and giving me invaluable suggestions. In addition, I reall...