Spinal Anesthesia in a Patient with Severe

care provider responsible for administrating sedation and anesthesia during surgical and technical procedures. Spinal deformities may cause difficulties with both tracheal intuba-tion and regional anesthesia. This report describes the anesthetic management for two uro-logical operations that were performed in a patient with extremely severe thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis. After examining the risk factors, spinal block by injecting single dose local anesthetic solution to the intratechal space was chosen to provide anesthesia. It has been suggested that hyperbaric solution, which is of high density compared with cerebro-spinal fluid, can safely produce blocks for many operations under spinal anesthesia. In the first procedure, intrathecal injection of 6 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine, a local anesthetic solution (1.2 ml total volume), resulted in inadequate motor and sensory blockade, but th