Muscle temperature transients before, during, and after exercise measured using an intramuscular multisensor probe

ture transients before, during, and after exercise measured using an intramuscular multisensor probe. J Appl Physiol 94: 2350–2357, 2003. First published February 21, 2003; 10.1152/ japplphysiol.01107.2002.—Seven subjects (1 woman) per-formed an incremental isotonic test on a Kin-Com isokinetic apparatus to determine their maximal oxygen consumption during bilateral knee extensions (V̇O2 sp). A multisensor ther-mal probe was inserted into the left vastus medialis (middi-aphysis) under ultrasound guidance. The deepest sensor (tip) was located10 mm from the femur and deep femoral artery (Tmu 10), with additional sensors located 15 (Tmu 25) and 30 mm (Tmu 40) from the tip. Esophageal temperature (Tes) was measured as an index of core temperature. Subjects rested in an upright seated position for 60 min in an ambient condition of 22°C. They then performed 15 min of isolated bilatera