1′-Acetoxychavicol acetate suppresses angiogenesis-mediated human prostate tumor growth by targeting VEGFmediated Src-FAK-Rho GTPase-signaling pathway. Carcinogenesis

D ow nloaded from Cancer therapeutic agents that are safe, effective and affordable are urgently needed. We describe that 1’-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), a component of Siamese ginger (Languas galanga), can suppress prostate tumor growth by largely abrogating angiogenesis. ACA suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–induced proliferation, migration, adhesion, and tubulogenesis of primary cultured human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner. ACA also inhibited VEGF-induced microvessel sprouting from aortic rings ex vivo and suppressed new vasculature formation in Matrigel plugs in vivo. We further demonstrated that the mechanisms of thi