Morphometric Differentiation and Asessment of Function of the Fulani and Yoruba Ecotype Indigenous Chickens of Nigeria

SUMMARY: Data on bodyweight and 11 body measurements were taken on 51 Fulani and 101Yoruba ecotype chicken from two central poultry markets: Ilorin in the middle belt and Ibadan in the southwest region of Nigeria, respectively. The aim was to provide baseline information on size characteristics of Fulani and Yoruba ecotype chickens, differentiate between the types and use the morphometrical variables for a preliminary assessment of type and function. Results showed that least square means of live weight, wing and shank length, body, thigh and toe length, beak length and breast breadth of the Fulani ecotype were generally higher (P < 0.01) than those of the Yoruba ecotype. The males were also superior (P < 0.01) to the females for comb, wing, shank length and breast breadth while live weight, toe and thigh length also differ (P< 0.05) within each ecotype. Thecomb of males was more prominent than those of the females. Coefficients of variation were very small signifying a monotypic condition and an almost equal opportunity of selection for type based on body parameters of the two ecotype chickens. The Fulani ecotype was bigger than the Yoruba ecotype chicken. The significantly longer (p<0.05) bodies of the Fulani suggests a departure in function between the genotypes. The Fulani chickens appear more closely suited for egg production than the Yoruba type. Their potential for developing a more adapted commercial stock and genetic improvement of the chickens for the region andother implications of type on function are discussed