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The teaching of program design skills to novices is a core problem in software engineering education. This paper discusses the need to develop a good understanding of the fundamental computational principles and identifies some of the key design skills that should be developed by students. The paper proposes that a pseudocode based model has some useful properties in enabling these skills to develop through top down design and through progressive refinement. To demonstrate and test these ideas a pseudocode tool, P-Coder, has been developed. This tool provides both graphical and textual elements in an interactive tree structured model. Much of the semantics of a program can be developed graphically before it is necessary to introduce formal programming language syntax. P-Coder also provides capabilities to insert code segments, which, when combined with the visual model, enable complete (Java) programs to be created. P-Coder is not intended to be a production environment, but rather a tool for developing both knowledge of computational concepts and skill in program design. A preliminary evaluation of student results shows a clear improvement and suggests the approach is worth pursuing