Characterization of cis elements that regulate the expression of glnA in Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942

The upstream noncoding region of the Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942 (hereafter referred to as Synecho-coccus 7942) glnA gene was fused to the cat gene in order to study the expression of glnA both in Synechococcus 7942 and in Escherichia coli. The lack of cat expression in E. coli indicated that the glnA promoter was not recognized by E. coli RNA polymerase. The fused construct was integrated into the Synechococcus 7942 chromosome at a neutral site. Expression of the cat reporter gene was regulated under various nitrogen conditions in a way similar to that of the glnA gene. A deletion introduced at the binding site of the NtcA regulatory protein abolished derepression of the glnA promoter during growth in nitrate and under nitrogen starvation. Deletion of the sequence between the transcription and translation start sites of glnA prevented the repression observed during growth in ammonium. These results indicate that the glnA promoter is subject to complex regulation that involves sequences upstream and downstream from the transcription start site. The glnA gene, which encodes glutamine synthetase, is sub-ject to regulation in cyanobacteria, according to the nitrogen status of the cell involved. In unicellular, non-nitrogen-fixing Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942 (hereafter referred to as Synechococcus 7942), glnAmRNA differentially accumulates i