10.1177/0897190004270423BRIARS ET ALPEDIATRIC HIV INFECTION A Review of Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects millions of childrenworldwide. Newpediatric cases are continuing to be diagnosed. However, with the approval and use of various newprotocols andantiretroviral agents, transmission rates in perinatally exposed infants have dramatically declined and survival of HIV-infected children has been prolonged. Pre-vention education is the starting point to try to reduce future transmission; however, increases in HIV cases continue to be seen in the adolescent population. Current pharmacological therapy of HIV includes amultidrug regimen with the poten-tial for numerousdrug-drug interactions, adverse effects, and development of resistance. Routine monitoring of adherence is required to try to attain and sustain viral suppression. This review will focus on current treatment recommendations for infants, children, and adolescents infected with HIV, includ