Breakthroughs in the search for dyslexia candidate genes. Trends Mol

Four candidate genes for dyslexia, or reading disability (RD), have recently been proposed: DYX1C1, ROBO1, DCDC2, and KIAA0319. Each of the genes is implicated in brain development processes, such as neural migration and axonal guidance, with the exception of DYX1C1 whose function is still unknown. The most immediate clinical prospect of these gene identifications is the possibility of early identification via genetic screening. However, the field has yet to identify a functional mutation in any of the genes, which currently limits this future prospect. When causal variants are identified, they will need to be considered within a multifactorial framework, likely involving gene x gene and gene x environment interactions, in order to make accurate predictions of diagnostic status