Bioguided isolation of an antiviral compound from Xylophragma myrianthum (Cham.) Sprague (Bignoniaceae Juss.)

Xylophragma Sprague species (family Bignoniaceae Juss.) are climbing plants belonging to the tribe Bignonieae Juss. and some species have a wide spectrum of traditional medicinal uses including remedies for the treatment of infections. This paper reports the bioguided fractionation of an ethanol extract of X. myrianthum (Cham.) Sprague stems (EEXMS) for antiviral effects against Human herpesvirus 1 (HSV-1), Dengue virus 2 (DENV-2), murine Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and Vaccinia virus (VACV) that afforded XM-1 as an active compound. Spectroscopic analyses allowed the identification of XM-1 as arjunic acid whose occurrence in the Bignoniaceae and anti-DENV-2 activities are reported for the first time. X. myrianthum is revealed herein as a source of an antiviral compound and fractions