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Magnetic resonance microimaging was used to measure diffusion decay over an extended b-factor range in a formalin fixed normal prostate sample and a Gleason pattern 3+4 tissue sample. The coefficients of biexponential fits to diffusion decay data from 1600 voxels of dimension 160×160×160 µm3 in each sample were correlated with underlying epithelial and stromal compartment partial volumes estimated from high resolution ADC data (40×40×40 µm3 voxels) from the same tissue. In the normal tissue sample the signal fractions of the low and high ADC components of the biexponential fits correlated linearly with partial volumes of epithelial (R2 = 0.6) and stromal tissue (R2 = 0.5) respectively. Similar but weaker correlations were observed in the cancer sample. Epithelium-containing high spatial resolution voxels appeared to be comprised of ~60 % low ADC and ~40 % high ADC component. Stromal voxels appeared to be comprised of ~20 % low ADC and ~80 % high ADC component. This preliminary report suggests that distinctly different diffusion properties in microscopically adjacent cell types contribute to th