Marrow Transplantation for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Randomized Study Comparing Cyclophosphamide and Total Body Irradiation

A prospective randomized study was conducted comparing two conditioning regimens for the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase by marrow transplantation from HLA identical siblings. Sixty-nine pa-tients received 60 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide on each of 2 successive days followed by 6 fractions of total body irradia-tion each of 2.0 Gy (CY-TBI), and 73 patients received 16 mg/ kg of busulfan delivered over 4 days followed by 60 mg/kg CY on each of 2 successive days (BU-CY). There was no significant difference between the CY-TB1 and the BU-CY groups in the 3-year probabilities of survival (0.80 for both), relapse (0.13 for both), or event-free survival (CY-TBI, 0.68; BU-CY, 0.71) or in speed of engraftment or incidence MARKED IMPROVEMENT in the results of marrow transplantation for treatment of chronic myeloid leuke