Editorial Open Access Poultry, Fisheries &

ISSN: PFW, an open access journal The shift from traditional production systems toward intensive animal agriculture has facilitated impressive increases in production efficiency, improvements in animal health, and a decrease in the carbon footprint of animal production [1,2]. This evolution has also dramatically transformed the environments in which food animals are reared which by design often suppress natural behaviors of production animals [3,4]. Concomitant with this transformation has been the emergence of concepts such as the One Health Initiative and a growing public attention directed toward production practices utilized by the livestock and fish farming industries. The One Health concept was borne out of an acknowledgement that human, animal (both domestic and wild) and environmental health is inextricably linked [5]. Thus, the sustainability of any endeavor necessitates a multidisciplinary view of the systems affecte