Phonetic Detail in Phonology: Evidence from assimilation and coarticulation

Assimilation and coarticulation both involve extending the duration of some property or feature. The similarities between these phenomena can be seen by comparing Basque vowel raising with vowel-to-vowel coarticulation in a language like English. In Basque the low vowel Ial is raised to [el following a high vowel. This gives rise to alternations in the form of the definite suffix, I-a/ (de Rijk 1970): (1) sagar-a `apple (def.) ' mutil-e `boy (def.)' In an English sequence containing a low vowel preceded by a high vowel, like [-ile-] in `relapse', the high vowel also conditions raising of the low vowel. But in spite of the parallels between these cases, standard analyses regard Basque vowel raising as phonological whereas the English vowel raising is regarded as non- phonological, being attributed to a phonetic process of coarticulation. In this paper, we will argue that this distinction is untenable. We will see that coarticulation can affect the distribution of contrasts, and therefore must be specified in the phonology. This opens up the possibility of giving a unified analysis of assimilation and coarticulation. Analyzing coarticulation as phonological implies that phonological representations contai