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Background: Trauma is a major health problem throughout the world, leading to death and disability especially in the first four decades of victims ’ life. In Iran also, accident-related death has a critical situation with an increasing rate of 10-15 % per year. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between revised trauma score and mortality rate of traumatic patients within the first 24 h of hospitalization. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the association between revised trauma score and the mortality rate of traumatic patients within the first 24 h of hospitalization on 240 traumatic patients admitted to Khatam al-Anbia hospital. The obtained data were analyzed with SPSS software-15, using logistic regression, chi-square, and descriptive statistics. Results: Seventy four point tow percent of patients were referred due to accident, of which 38.3 % had multiple traumas. Fifty point eight percent of traumatic patients died within the first 24 h of hospitalization. The minimum and maximum revised trauma score in injured patients were 7 and 12, respectively. Also, 80 % of mortality was seen in victims with a score of 9-10. Both the χ2 test and logistic regression showed a significant relationship between the first revised trauma score and the mortality rate of traumatic patients within the first 24 h of hospitalization (p=0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the revised trauma score can be used as a tool to predict the mortality rate of traumatic patients. Copyright © 2014 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved