International audienceThis article deals with William James’ use of Emerson’s thought. It argues that James’ would-be criticism of Emerson’s monism and ethics should be qualified, and that, more generally, James’ special relation to Emerson should help provide a more accurate definition of James’ pragmatism. In fact, what James’ appropriates in Emerson for his own use is not so much a carlylean philosophy of action, as a philosophy of the act, in which the latter interprets and publicly exposes the unique-ness of a voice.Il n'est pas certain que les débats récents autour du lien en-tre Emerson et le pragmatisme aient grandement contribué à clarifier la discussion : l'étude d'Emerson faisant souvent office de « préhistoire utile du pragmatis...