208 Copyright © 2006 American Psychiatric Nurses Association What Blocked Heterosexual Women and Lesbians in Leaving Their Abusive Relationships

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that the process of permanently separating from an abusive partner is in many ways similar for heterosexual women and lesbians. However, research suggests that factors that prevent women from leaving the relationship differ. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the component of ambivalence related to leaving the abusive relationship is referred to as “holding back. ” Factors that contribute to “holding back ” lesbians and heterosexual women leaving their abu-sive relationships are examined. DESIGN: Naturalistic inquiry is conducted on 10 heterosexual women and 20 lesbians who were able to leave their abusive relationships. RESULTS: Factors that contribute to the women’s staying in their abusive rela-tionship are personal and situational, in additional to cultural factors such as homophobia and “lesbian ideals. ” CONCLU-SIONS: Recommendations include dissemination of information addressing the levels and complexity of abuse and the need for education regarding occurrence of abuse in both heterosexual and lesbian relationships. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc