Drive for muscularity and beliefs about legal performance enhancing substances as predictors of current use and willingness to use

Using a sample of college-aged male athletes (n = 56) and nonathletes (n = 43), negative and positive beliefs were tested as mediators of the relationship between Drive for Muscularity (DM) and use of performance enhancing substances (PES). Results showed that the Muscularity Behavior (MB) and Muscularity-oriented Body Image (MBI) subscales of the DM scale differentially predicted PES use. Results also showed that negative and positive beliefs are mediators MB–PES use relationship. Neither the MB nor MBI subscales predicted willingness to use a new performance enhancing drug