For the completion of this dissertation, I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Daniel C.W. Ho, for his continuous support and guidance, and his devotion in providing useful information and advice to me. Dr. Ho’s comments have always been important and inspiring for my dissertation. I also wish to express my thankfulness to Mr. Ho, Miss Wong, Mr. Wong, and Mr. Chan for arranging site visit, providing necessary information and answering my enquires. I would also like to express my appreciation to Mr. Alex K.C. Cheung and Mr. Simon Y. Yau, for teaching me some of the statistical techniques used in this dissertation. Lastly, I would like to thank my family and all my friends for their support and patience during the course ...