Original Article Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis Have Islet Progenitor Cells in Their Ducts, but Reversal of Overt Diabetes in NOD Mice by Anti-CD3 Shows No Evidence for Islet Regeneration

Monoclonal antibodies to T-cell coreceptors have been shown to tolerise autoreactive T-cells and prevent or even reverse autoimmune pathology. In type 1 diabetes, there is a loss of insulin-secreting -cells, and a cure for type 1 diabetes would require not only tolerance induction but also recovery of the functional -cell mass. Although we have previously shown that diabetic mice have increased numbers of ductal progenitors in the pancreas, there is no evidence of any increase of insulin-secreting cells in the ducts. In contrast, in the adult human pancreas of patients with chronic pancreatitis, we can demonstrate, in the ducts, increased numbers of insulin-containing cells, as well as cells containing other endocrine and exocrine markers. There are also significantly increased numbers of cells expressing the homeodomain protein, pancreatic du