DESIGN: Structured narrative review.

BACKGROUND: Athletes commonly sustain injuries to the triceps surae muscle-tendon unit. The calf-raise test is frequently employed in sports medicine for the detection and monitoring of such injuries. However, despite being widely-used, a recent systematic review found no universal consensus relating to the test's purpose, parameters, and standard protocols. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this paper is to provide a clinical perspective on the bio-physiological bases and functions underlying the calf-raise test. The paper discusses the clinical utilisation of the test in relation to the structure and function of the triceps surae muscle-tendon unit