Glenohumeral Translation After Arthroscopic

It is well established through anatomic sectioning and biome-chanical studies that an insufficient inferior glenohumeral capsulolabral complex represents the primary factor leading to shoulder instability.33,43 Greater understanding of the com-plex interactions of both static and dynamic restraints to glenohumeral motion has led to a steady evolution in our treatment options for shoulder instability. Recent encouraging results have led many surgeons to part from traditional open Bankart repairs to arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction techniques.2,3,10,12,19,20 In addi-tion, the number of biomechanical studies validating this technique is increasing. In a cadaveric model, Marquardt et al25 measured anteroposterior (AP) translation and external rotation in groups of intact, dislocated, and arthroscopically repaired shoulders. In all groups, transla-tion and rotation returned to near intact values postoper-atively. In another cadaveric model, Alberta et al1 evaluated the effects of arthroscopic suture capsulorrha-phy on specimens with stretched anterior capsules. Following plication, anterior translation was reduced more than 60 % without overly constraining range of motion. In addition to inferior capsulolabral injuries, increased attention has focused on the superior labral injuries as a source of glenohumeral instability. Previous authors have observed that 15 % of patients with a superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesion demonstrate anterior instability, an