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ii Grandparents are considered a resource in the family because they provide alternative child care support and serve as role models for grandchildren. Although social workers have increasingly examined the needs of custodial grandparents who face many stressors, the profession lacks knowledge about functions of noncustodial grandparents, who are important supports for families; this role of grandparents is especially crucial as the number of multigenerational households grow. In addition, as maternal employment rates rise, mothers increasingly seek alternative caregivers for their children. They often choose grandparents as alternative caregivers, especially when children are young. While both custodial and noncustodial grandparents struggle with the burden of childcare, the relationships among grandparents and grandchildren usually vary depending upon individual and family characteristics. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the closeness between the grandparent and the grandchild. Also, the researcher sought factor