Current Research On Studying: A Qualitative Analysis

Because of the limitations of two recent major reviews of the research on studying another review of the literature was conducted. Articles chosen for this review supplied adequate information about levels of processing and encoding specificity, investigated the effects of student-generated as opposed to teacher-provided study aids on comprehension of text, utilized secondary and postsecondary level subjects, and included studies conducted since 1979 not included in the earlier reviews. A trtal of 16 articles found to be amenable to the analysis were grouped into categories according to the study technique investigated. The analysis revealed that most study techniques were effective when the following conditions were met: (1) the deeper the student is involved in processing textual material, the higher the payoffs in comprehension and retention; (2) the greater the degree o