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Inflammation and activation of immune cells are key mechanisms in the development of atherosclerosis. Previous data indicate important roles for monocytes and T-lymphocytes in lesions. However, recent data suggest that neutrophils also may be of importance in atherogenesis. Here, we use apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice with fluorescent neutrophils and monocytes (ApoE//LysEGFP/EGFP mice) to specifi-cally study neutrophil presence and recruitment in atherosclerotic lesions. We show by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy that neutrophils make up for 1.8 % of CD45 leukocytes in the aortic wall of ApoE//LysEGFP/EGFP mice and that their contribution relative to monocyte/macrophages within lesions is ap-proximately 1:3. However, neutrophils accumulate a