PATIENTS AND METHODS

The surgical management of recurrent anterior shoulder instability after failed surgery is challenging.3,16,17 Patients with failed arthroscopic Bankart repairs can be successfully treated with an open Bankart repair,26 which allows a direct repair of the capsulolabral anterior-inferior defect and capsu-lar tightening.26 Potential disadvantages of the open Bankart repair include postoperative stiffness and subscapularis mus-cle deficiency, as the latter must be detached in open proce-dures.25 The function of the subscapularis muscle is frequently compromised even after it is anatomically repaired.25 Modern primary arthroscopic anterior stabilization methods yield similar failure rates for resubluxation and redislocation when compared with the rates of open tech-niques.4 The major advantages of arthroscopic repair for instability are the ability to accurately identify and man-age the specific pathoanatomy, less iatrogenic damage to normal tissues (especially the subscapularis muscle), lower postoperative pain, and improved cosmesis.3,17,19,25 Several studies report the effectiveness of primary arthroscopic repair for recurrent anterior instability.7,8,14,19 However, few investigations focus on arthroscopic revision Bankart repair.17,23 The present study evaluated prospectively the surgical outcomes of arthroscopic revision repair of Bankart lesions in a cohort of patients who underwent an arthroscopic Bankart repair and subsequently developed postoperative recurrent anterior instability