Nuclear Factor-1 Genes Contribute to Glucose Intolerance in a South Indian Population

genin-3 (NEUROG3), and hepatic nuclear factor-1 (TCF1) genes are interacting transcription factors im-plicated in controlling islet cell development and insulin secretion. Polymorphisms of these genes (Ala45Thr [NEUROD1], Ser199Phe [NEUROG3], and Ala98Val [TCF1]) have been postulated to influence the develop-ment of type 2 diabetes. We have investigated the role and interaction between these variants using PCR/re-striction fragment–length polymorphism assays in 454 subjects recruited as part of a population survey in South India. Additionally, 97 South Indian parent-off-spring trios were studied. Polymorphisms of all three genes were associated with either fasting blood glucose (FBG) and/or 2-h blood glucose (BG) in either the total dataset or when restricted to a normoglycemic popula