THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN USE OF PRAYER AND STUDENTS ’ INTERNAL

Psychologists have always been interested in how human attachment affects coping mechanisms and psychological outcomes associated with attachment. Attachment theory began with Bowlby (1969) who argued that the purpose of attachment is for the infant to maintain a close proximity to the caregiver who can provide the basic needs of survival and early emotional well-being. He believed that the "attachment behavioral system " was one of four behavioral systems that are inherent in all humans and represent an evolutionary system necessary for survival. The quality of attachment develops over time as the infant interacts with caregivers. Bowlby argued that the attachment relationship becomes internalized and therefore carries forth into future human interactions through the use of an IWM or a schema of close relationships. There are three central types of attachment as discovered by Mary Ainsworth (1978) during her strange-situation experiment. Secure attachment is characterized by the infant seeking contact with the caregiver, and being comforted by their contact. In insecure-avoidant attachment the infant avoids contact, is the least affected by the caregiver’s absence and is not comforted by the caregiver. Lastly, the insecure-ambivalent (resistant) attachment results in the infant who is most upset by the caregiver’s absence and will seek contact, but cannot b