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The present experiment extended and replicated the use of functional analysis and a peer-mediated intervention to decrease disruptive behavior displayed by children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in an afterschool program. After determining that the participants displayed off-task behavior maintained by peer attention via a functional analysis, peer-implemented differential reinforcement of other behavior with extinction was effective in reducing participants ’ off-task behaviors. The use of peers as behavior-change agents is discussed, as are avenues for future research. Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, differential reinforcement, functional analysis, peer mediation _______________________________________________________________________________ Approximately two million children in the United States are estimated to have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, National Insitute of Mental Health, 2006). Furthermore, it is estimated that 80 % of children diagnosed wit