Perceptions of interdependence and closeness in family and peer relationships among adolescents with and without romantic partners

Adolescents ’ relationships with mothers, fathers, siblings, friends, and romantic partners are examined Across the adolescent years, interdependence (operationalized in terms of social interaction, activities, and influence) and perceived closeness shi j from parents to peers, with patterns that difler somewhatfor adolescents with and without a romantic partner Thefindings are discussed in the context of social exchange theory, which oflers a descriptive account of developmental variations in adolescent close relationships