Is Enabling Enough? Tensions and Dilemmas in New Labour's Strategies for Joining-up Local Governance

Central to New Labour's ambition to transform public policy and public services was the development of joined-up government'. This article considers the experience of joining-up ' at the local level, through one programme of reform, the 'local government modernisation agenda' (LGMA). Drawing on published research from evaluations of the LGMA this article argues that three key strategies for joining-up ' locally are evident in the policies of the LGMA: empowerment, endorsement and enticement. Each strategy contains a particular vision of joined-up ' local governance and what should shape it. However in practice each strategy was diluted, undermined or challenged by the existence of alternative perspectives. The article proposes that there are powerful undercurrents within the policy environment that help explain these tensions, in particular the desire ofsome interests to maintain prevailing central-local relations. It also highlights cross-currents that might have a greater impact on the potentialfor realising joined-up ' local governance such as the comprehensive performance assessment. The article concludes with some reflections on which strategy is most likely to be effective in the current policy and political environment and examines the 'fit ' ofnewer policy instruments such as Local Area Agreements with this proposed strategy