Aircraft Simulators and Pilot Training

Flight simulators are built as realistically M possible, presumably to enhance their training, value. Yet, their training value is determined by the way they are used. Traditionally, simuhtors have been less important for training than have aircraft, but they are currently emerging as primary pilot training vehicles. This new emphasis is an outgrowth of systems engineering offlight training programs, and a characteristic of the resultant training is the employment of techniques developed through applied research in a variety of training settings. These techniques include functional context training, minimizing over-training, effective utilization of personnel, use of incentive awards, peer training, and objective performance measurement. Programs employing these and other techniques, with training equipment ranging from highly-realistic simulators to reduced-scale paper mockups, have resulted in impressive transfer of training. The conclwion is drawn that a proper training program is essential to realizing the potential training value of a device, regardless of its realism. INTRODUCTION ing excellence, the results are as might well be expected: most aircraft simulators are land