Invasive Aspergillosis in HIV-Infected Patients, and Survival Trends Over a 20-Year Period in

Background. Before the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), roughly 50 % of cases of invasive aspergillosis (IA) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection involved individuals without clas-sical predisposing host factors, and the median survival time was <4 months after diagnosis. We examined if the situation evolved over time using the revised European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC) definition and analyzed survival trends after diagnosis over 20 years. Methods. A data review committee evaluated 342 medical records that mentioned IA in the French Hospital Database on HIV. Validated cases were classified as fulfilling the EORTC criteria or otherwise as “HIV-related IA. ” Three periods were analyzed: pre-cART (before 1996), cART era prevoriconazole (1996–2001), and 2002–2011. Results. Among 242 validated cases of IA, 124 (51%) fulfilled the EORTC criteria (EORTC-IA) and 118 (49%) were classified as “HIV-related, ” with similarly low CD4 cell counts in both groups. The proportion of EORTC-IA cases re