Predictive Musculoskeletal Simulation Using Optimal Control: Effects of Added Limb Mass on Energy Cost and Kinematics of Walking and Running

sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1754337112440644 pip.sagepub.com Predictive musculoskeletal simulation using optimal control: effects of added limb mass on energy cost and kinematics of walking and running Antonie J van den Bogert1, Maarten Hupperets2, Heiko Schlarb2 and Berthold Krabbe2 When designing sports equipment, it is often desirable to predict how certain design parameters will affect human per-formance. In many instances, this requires a consideration of human musculoskeletal mechanics and adaptive neuromus-cular control. Current computational methods do not represent these mechanisms, and design optimization typically requires several iterations of prototyping and human testing. This paper introduces a computational method based on musculoskeletal modeling and optimal control, which has the capability to predict the effect of mechanical equipmen