RESEARCH ARTICLE Does Breastfeeding Help to Reduce the Risk of Childhood Overweight and Obesity? A Propensity Score Analysis of Data from the KiGGS Study

Background Current studies suggest that the beneficial effect of breastfeeding on overweight and obesi-ty may have been largely overestimated. We examined the relationship between>4 months of full breastfeeding and overweight/obesity in children living in Germany. Methods We analyzed retrospectively collected data on breastfeeding from children aged 3–17 years who participated in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS baseline study) between 2003 and 2006 (n = 13163). To minimize confounding, we applied propensity score matching and multivariate logistic regression analyses to estimate the effect of breastfeeding on childhood overweight and obesity. Results Adjusted analyses of the matched dataset (n = 8034) indicated that children who were breastfed for<4 months had a significant reduction in the odds of overweight (OR 0.81 [95 % CI 0.71–0.92]) and obesity (OR 0.75 [95 % CI 0.61–0.92]) compared to children wh