An introduction to deliberative theory: challenges and opportunities1

Political theory has taken a deliberative shift in recent years placing deliberation in a privileged position. Dryzek (2000), one of its most important promoters, even states that many of the innovations that take place in the theory of politics nowadays feed from it. Dryzek’s statement gives an idea of the scope and importance that deliberative theory has attained, however this does not mean that there is total agreement regarding its limits and fallibility. The reasons that have favoured this upsurge are certainly not related to the simplicity and clarity of the theory. Neither can we resort to its ability to explain the political phenomena as the cause of its expansion. Literature gathered about deliberation is anything but conclusive (Thompson, 2008; delli Carpini, 2004). This has not hindered, however, an outbreak of normative discussions and empirical studies aimed at contrasting, making more precise or studying in depth all elements related to deliberation. Deliberation brings to mind in many aspects what Kuhn would describe as a change in the scientific paradigm: a progressive as well as general change in the manner of understanding the phenomena. This, of course, is not the work of one particular person