Primary Epstein–Barr Virus Infection: Impact of Age at Acquisition, Coinfection, and Viral Load

tion acquired at an early age or in concert with another pathogen can result in poor control of EBV replication and may be a risk factor for subsequent chronic illness-es including malignancy. Slyker and col-leagues report in this issue of the Journal that primary EBV infection was more frequent and more severe in infants co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) than in those who were HIV-negative [1]. Their clinical re-search study, which used repository samples and archival data from an inves-tigation of Kenyan infants born to HIV-infected mothers [2, 3], makes severa