Omeprazole treatment: genotoxicity biomarkers, and potential to induce CYP1A2 activity in humans

Omeprazole is one of the most used acid-suppressing medications. This fact emphasizes the questions concern-ing the safety of this compound. Healthy volunteers (n /33) were included in this prospective study. All study subjects were analysed for their CYP2C19 geno-type. Of the 33 individuals, 24 were homozygous for the wild type CYP2C19*1 allele, 7 were heterozygous for the CYP2C19*2 variant allele, and 2 were homozygous for the CYP2C19*2 variant allele. Before and after 14 days of omeprazole treatment at a daily dose of 20 mg, one blood sample was taken from each individual to determine five cytogenetic biomarkers of genotoxicity: chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, proliferating rate index, sister chromatid exchanges, and mitotic index. The only sig-nificant change was that of a weak increase in micro-nuclei count after treatment in relation to baseline values (day 0) (P /0.026). To assess the potential of omeprazole to induce P450 CYP1A2, the urinary ratio AFMU /1X /1U/17U in the interval of 4]/5 hours after caffeine intake was calculated twice (days 0 and 15), using the caffeine test in 27 of the 33 individuals. This result suggests that omeprazole does not increase CYP1A2 activity after 14 days of treatment. Human & Experimen