Cholangiopathy associated with Microsporidia infection of the common bile duct mucosa in a patient with HIV infection

Cholangiopathy has been described in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), often in association with Cryptosporidium or Cytomegalovirus infection (1, 2), or both. More recently, intestinal mi-crosporidiosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi was found to be the cause in about 30 % of the cases of unexplained diarrhea (3). One case of periductular he-patic microsporidiosis in association with AIDS-related cholangiopathy has been recently reported (4), but the role of the parasite in the pathogenesis of cholangiopa-thy was unclear. We report the case of a patient with HIV-1 infection and Microsporidia-caused diarrhea who developed cholangiopathy associated with Microsporidia infection of the common bile duct epithelium. Case Repor