Original Article Regulation of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Expression Following Antibiotic Treatment of Experimental Bacterial Meningitis

Although more and more new potent antibiotics have been used, mortality and neurologic deficits still occur frequently following bacterial meningitis in children. In this article, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) and its production in the brains of rats were investigated during the course of experimental bac-terial meningitis and after treatment with an antibiotic plus dexamethasone. In the brains of Streptococcus pneumoniae-inoculated rats, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) messenger RNA was obviously up-regulated after inoculation for 24 hours (P <.01) and then declined but was still greater than that in the brains of control rats after inoc-ulation for 5 days (P <.05). The expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the brains of infected rats treated by antibiotic was dose dependent, down-regulated, and almost undetectable (P <.01) but up-regulated after treatment with an antibiotic plus dexamethasone (P <.01). However, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA did not change in control rats treated with an antibiotic. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein showed similar changes, except it declined to normal levels 5 days after inoculation. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA and its pro-duction were observed in some infiltrating inflammatory cells in the brain of infected rats. The results of our studies support the hypothesis that brain-derived neurotrophic factor might play a neuroprotective role in brain damage during bacteria