Young children with challenging behavior: Issues and considerations for behavior support

Abstract: The critical importance of intervening early to promote the social and emotional de-velopment of young children is a recurring theme in several reports commissioned by national organizations and leaders (i.e., Child Mental Health Foundations and Agencies Network; Na-tional Research Council of the Institute of Medicine; U.S. Surgeon General). There is an in-creasing awareness that social–emotional difficulties and problem behaviors in young children are highly likely to continue in school. In addition, young children who show the most chronic-ity and stability of problem behavior are more likely to be members of families who experience marital distress, parental depression, and poverty. Young children in urban environments who have problem behavior are likely to also face challenges in health, poverty, and access to qual-ity childcare and other services. In this article, the complexity of the urban context is described with a focus on the lives of young children and their families. The authors present a discussion of appropriate practices and research that provides a foundation for the development of effec-tive early intervention programs for young children affected by environmental and develop-mental challenges. The emphasis of program recommendations is on comprehensiveness in the design of family-centered behavioral support options