Impact Models for Architecture-Based Self-Adaptive Systems

Abstract. Self-adaptive systems have the ability to adapt their behavior to dy-namic operation conditions. In reaction to changes in the environment, these sys-tems determine the appropriate corrective actions based in part on information about which action will have the best impact on the system. Existing models used to describe the impact of adaptations are either unable to capture the underlying uncertainty and variability of such dynamic environments, or are not composi-tional and described at a level of abstraction too low to scale in terms of spec-ification effort required for non-trivial systems. In this paper, we address these shortcomings by describing an approach to the specification of impact models based on architectural system descriptions, which at the same time allows us to represent both variability and uncertainty in the outcome of adaptations, hence improving the selection of the best corrective action. The core of our approach is an impact model language equipped with a formal semantics defined in terms of Discrete Time Markov Chains. To validate our approach, we show how em-ploying our language can improve the accuracy of predictions used for decision-making in the Rainbow framework for architecture-based self-adaptation