This article discusses a prison ethnography derived from immersion in Russian culture. It highlights the limitations of Western research testimonies as being largely silent on the interplay between cultural antecedents and prison scholarship. This is particularly prob-lematic for conducting research into Russian prisons, which evolved along a distinctive cultural trajectory: the prisoner as the loyal hero and the prison as pillar of Soviet nation-alism and identity. I argue that cultural knowledge of Russian society is essential to assess how prisons have changed. The article reports on the ethnographic approach adopted whereby the experience was one of shared subjectivity (mastering Russian and immersion in cultural rituals). The exciting ...