Representing chemicals using OWL, description graphs and rules

Abstract. Objects can be said to be structured when their represen-tation also contains their parts. While OWL in general can describe structured objects, description graphs are a recent, decidable extension to OWL which support the description of classes of structured objects whose parts are related in complex ways. Classes of chemical entities such as molecules, ions and groups (parts of molecules) are often char-acterised by the way in which the constituent atoms of their instances are connected via chemical bonds. For chemoinformatics tools and ap-plications, this internal structure is represented using chemical graphs. We here present a chemical knowledge base based on the standard chem-ical graph model using description graphs, OWL and rules. We include in our ontology chemical classes, groups, and molecules, together with their structures encoded as description graphs. We show how DL-safe rules can be used to determine parthood between groups and molecules based on the graph structures. Finally, we investigate the scalability of the technology used through the development of an automatic utility to convert standard chemical graphs into description graphs, and convert-ing a large number of diverse graphs obtained from a publicly available chemical database. Key words: chemistry, ontology, description graphs, rules